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Source code and verbatim

The simplest way to include source code and similar material verbatim, is by using the verbatim environment and \verb macro, like this:

  \begin{verbatim}
    #include 
    int main ( int argc, int *argv[] ) {
      fprintf ( 'Hello world!' ) ;
    }
  \end{verbatim}

  We can describe an individual construct, like \verb|#include|, using
  the \verb=\verb= macro.

Both the environment and the macro typesets in a typewriter font, without interpreting TeX's special characters. The argument to \verb (unlike other macros) is enclosed by two identical, but otherwise arbitrary, characters.

Pretty-printing

A better solution in most cases is to pretty-print the source code. This can be done using the listings package, cf. The LaTeX Companion for details. You may also consider the algorithmic package for pseudo-code.